E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia

Summary:
{See also Stereum Table.} Features include 1) growth on conifers, in resupinate form, or bent outward to form narrow shelf, or distinctly cap-like, 2) when present, caps that are shingled, wavy, and lobed, with the upper surface finely hirsute-tomentose, undulating, concentrically zoned, and colored whitish, orange, reddish brown, or dark brown, the margin whitish, 3) a spore-bearing area that is smooth to tuberculate-wrinkled, coloured beige to buff or ocherish, often with hint of violet, (margin lighter), quickly turning blood red when injured, and bleeding when cut, 4) spores that are elliptic-cylindric, smooth, amyloid, and colorless, 5) pseudoacanthohyphidia, thick-walled cystidia filled with an oily to granular, pale brown content, and presumably sharp-tipped hyphidia, and 6) hyphae of 2 types both simple-septate (lacking clamp connections): a) thin-walled to thick-walled, in the hymenium, b) thick-walled in tomentum, cortex and trama. |Stereum ostrea, Stereum rugosum, and Stereum sanguinolentum are members of the subgenus Aculeatostereum which have pseudoacanthohyphidia: thin-walled hymenial elements that bear a few (2-5, rarely up to 10) apical projections (also known as pseudoacanthophyses, aculeate-tipped basidioles, acanthocystidia, and acanthohyphidia, by different authors, the last term also used for acanthophyses - with projections throughout their length - that occur in subgenus Acanthostereum not found in North America), (Chamuris(3)).

Stereum sanguinolentum has been found in BC, WA, OR, ID, AB, MB, NB, NF, NS, ON, PE, PQ, SK, YT, AK, AZ, CA, CO, CT, MA, ME, MI, MT, NC, NH, NM, NY, PA, TN, UT, VA, VT, WI, and WY, (Ginns). It also occurs in Scandinavia (Eriksson), and in Europe including Switzerland and Asia, (Breitenbach).

Fruiting body:
resupinate to semicapped, forming crustose-leathery patches several centimeters to decimeters across on underside of substrate, "appearing at first as spots which later coalesce to form expanses, detachable from substrate", consistency "elastic, leathery, tough, when dry hard"; fruitbodies that grow on lateral surfaces with slightly projecting to cap-like marginal zone projecting up to 1.5cm, the caps imbricate [shingled], with upper surface finely hirsute-tomentose, undulating, with yellow-red to brown-red concentric zones, cap margin whitish; spore-bearing surface "smooth to tuberculate-wrinkled", yellow-ocherish, gray-ocherish, pink-ocherish, to brown-ocherish, often with hint of violet (margin lighter), "quickly turning blood red when injured", margin when young white, undulating, crenate (scalloped), distinctly bounded; in cross-section under a hand lens "a yellow-reddish cortex is visible under the tomentum", (Breitenbach), annual, rarely perennial, resupinate and orbicular [circular] with a slightly loosening margin, effused-reflexed [bent outwards to form shelf-like cap] to distinctly cap-like, often covering large areas on the lower side of logs, up to 0.1cm thick, tough (hard to leathery when dried); cap when present narrow and mostly less than 1cm wide, "often fused laterally, undulate, lobed and incised, or as dense imbricate clusters", finely adpressed tomentose to hirsute, especially when old, grayish white to brownish, soon becoming bald in zones "and exposing a brown cortex in narrow bands", when old almost completely bald, "dark brown to almost black with narrow and sharp zones"; spore-bearing surface "smooth, undulate or tuberculate", beige to buff (when old dark brown), "when fresh strongly bleeding when cut, bleeding parts dark brown when dried"; margin of spore-bearing area "narrow, white to pale buff"; flesh "beige to ochraceous often with small dark spots", separated from the tomentum by a thin, dark brown line, less than 0.005cm thick, (Eriksson), spore deposit white (Buczacki)

Microscopic:
SPORES 6.5-7.5 x 2.5-3 microns, elliptic-cylindric, smooth, amyloid, colorless; BASIDIA 2-4-spored, 40-50 x 5-7 microns, narrowly clavate, without basal clamp connection; PSEUDOACANTHOHYPHIDIA 30-40 x 2-3.5 microns, thin-walled, with knob-like to thorn-like tips, CYSTIDIA "none, but ends of conducting hyphae emerging from the skeletal hyphae", 6-8 microns wide and up to over 250 microns long, fusiform, thick-walled, with brown-reddish contents; HYPHAE dimitic, generative hyphae 1.5-3.5 microns wide, thin-walled to thick-walled, septa without clamp connections, skeletal hyphae up to 8 microns wide, thick-walled, without septa, (Breitenbach), SPORES (6)7-10 x (2.5)3-4.5 microns, narrowly elliptic to cylindric, often slightly bent, smooth, amyloid, thin-walled; BASIDIA 4-spored, 25-40 x 5-6 microns, elongate-clavate; PSEUDOACANTHOHYPHIDIA 30-40 x 3-5 microns, projecting beyond the basidia; PSEUDOCYSTIDIA "thick-walled, except for in the apical part, projecting very slight [sic] above the basidia, filled with an oily to grainy, pale brown content, hyaline in the hymenium, in the basal part yellowish and 3-6 microns wide, in the upper part 4-10 microns wide, usually longer than 100 microns"; HYPHAE monomitic with 2 types of simple-septate hyphae, "hymenial hyphae thin to thick-walled, 2-6 microns wide, in the tomentum, cortex and trama thick-walled hyphae, hyaline to pale brown and 3-6 microns wide", (Eriksson), SPORES 8-14 x 3-5 microns from 2-spored basidia, 5-7 x 2-3.5 microns from 4-spored basidia, slightly curved, smooth, colorless; spore print white, (Lincoff), PSEUDOACANTHOHYPHIDIA present and [on the basis of subgenus definition] acuminate-tipped (sharp-tipped) HYPHIDIA, (Chamuris(3))